proc test_memory_efficiency {range} {
    r flushall
    set rd [redis_deferring_client]
    set base_mem [s used_memory]
    set written 0
    for {set j 0} {$j < 10000} {incr j} {
        set key key:$j
        set val [string repeat A [expr {int(rand()*$range)}]]
        $rd set $key $val
        incr written [string length $key]
        incr written [string length $val]
        incr written 2 ;# A separator is the minimum to store key-value data.
    }
    for {set j 0} {$j < 10000} {incr j} {
        $rd read ; # Discard replies
    }

    set current_mem [s used_memory]
    set used [expr {$current_mem-$base_mem}]
    set efficiency [expr {double($written)/$used}]
    return $efficiency
}

start_server {tags {"memefficiency"}} {
    foreach {size_range expected_min_efficiency} {
        32    0.15
        64    0.25
        128   0.35
        1024  0.75
        16384 0.82
    } {
        test "Memory efficiency with values in range $size_range" {
            set efficiency [test_memory_efficiency $size_range]
            assert {$efficiency >= $expected_min_efficiency}
        }
    }
}

start_server {tags {"defrag"}} {
    if {[string match {*jemalloc*} [s mem_allocator]]} {
        test "Active defrag" {
            r config set save "" ;# prevent bgsave from interfereing with save below
            r config set hz 100
            r config set activedefrag no
            r config set active-defrag-threshold-lower 5
            r config set active-defrag-cycle-min 65
            r config set active-defrag-cycle-max 75
            r config set active-defrag-ignore-bytes 2mb
            r config set maxmemory 100mb
            r config set maxmemory-policy allkeys-lru
            r debug populate 700000 asdf1 150
            r debug populate 170000 asdf2 300
            r ping ;# trigger eviction following the previous population
            after 120 ;# serverCron only updates the info once in 100ms
            set frag [s allocator_frag_ratio]
            if {$::verbose} {
                puts "frag $frag"
            }
            assert {$frag >= 1.4}

            r config set latency-monitor-threshold 5
            r latency reset
            r config set maxmemory 110mb ;# prevent further eviction (not to fail the digest test)
            set digest [r debug digest]
            catch {r config set activedefrag yes} e
            if {![string match {DISABLED*} $e]} {
                # Wait for the active defrag to start working (decision once a
                # second).
                wait_for_condition 50 100 {
                    [s active_defrag_running] ne 0
                } else {
                    fail "defrag not started."
                }

                # Wait for the active defrag to stop working.
                wait_for_condition 150 100 {
                    [s active_defrag_running] eq 0
                } else {
                    after 120 ;# serverCron only updates the info once in 100ms
                    puts [r info memory]
                    puts [r memory malloc-stats]
                    fail "defrag didn't stop."
                }

                # Test the the fragmentation is lower.
                after 120 ;# serverCron only updates the info once in 100ms
                set frag [s allocator_frag_ratio]
                set max_latency 0
                foreach event [r latency latest] {
                    lassign $event eventname time latency max
                    if {$eventname == "active-defrag-cycle"} {
                        set max_latency $max
                    }
                }
                if {$::verbose} {
                    puts "frag $frag"
                    puts "max latency $max_latency"
                    puts [r latency latest]
                    puts [r latency history active-defrag-cycle]
                }
                assert {$frag < 1.1}
                # due to high fragmentation, 100hz, and active-defrag-cycle-max set to 75,
                # we expect max latency to be not much higher than 7.5ms but due to rare slowness threshold is set higher
                assert {$max_latency <= 30}
            } else {
                set _ ""
            }
            # verify the data isn't corrupted or changed
            set newdigest [r debug digest]
            assert {$digest eq $newdigest}
            r save ;# saving an rdb iterates over all the data / pointers
        } {OK}

        test "Active defrag big keys" {
            r flushdb
            r config resetstat
            r config set save "" ;# prevent bgsave from interfereing with save below
            r config set hz 100
            r config set activedefrag no
            r config set active-defrag-max-scan-fields 1000
            r config set active-defrag-threshold-lower 5
            r config set active-defrag-cycle-min 65
            r config set active-defrag-cycle-max 75
            r config set active-defrag-ignore-bytes 2mb
            r config set maxmemory 0
            r config set list-max-ziplist-size 5 ;# list of 10k items will have 2000 quicklist nodes
            r config set stream-node-max-entries 5
            r hmset hash h1 v1 h2 v2 h3 v3
            r lpush list a b c d
            r zadd zset 0 a 1 b 2 c 3 d
            r sadd set a b c d
            r xadd stream * item 1 value a
            r xadd stream * item 2 value b
            r xgroup create stream mygroup 0
            r xreadgroup GROUP mygroup Alice COUNT 1 STREAMS stream >

            # create big keys with 10k items
            set rd [redis_deferring_client]
            for {set j 0} {$j < 10000} {incr j} {
                $rd hset bighash $j [concat "asdfasdfasdf" $j]
                $rd lpush biglist [concat "asdfasdfasdf" $j]
                $rd zadd bigzset $j [concat "asdfasdfasdf" $j]
                $rd sadd bigset [concat "asdfasdfasdf" $j]
                $rd xadd bigstream * item 1 value a
            }
            for {set j 0} {$j < 50000} {incr j} {
                $rd read ; # Discard replies
            }

            set expected_frag 1.7
            if {$::accurate} {
                # scale the hash to 1m fields in order to have a measurable the latency
                for {set j 10000} {$j < 1000000} {incr j} {
                    $rd hset bighash $j [concat "asdfasdfasdf" $j]
                }
                for {set j 10000} {$j < 1000000} {incr j} {
                    $rd read ; # Discard replies
                }
                # creating that big hash, increased used_memory, so the relative frag goes down
                set expected_frag 1.3
            }

            # add a mass of string keys
            for {set j 0} {$j < 500000} {incr j} {
                $rd setrange $j 150 a
            }
            for {set j 0} {$j < 500000} {incr j} {
                $rd read ; # Discard replies
            }
            assert_equal [r dbsize] 500010

            # create some fragmentation
            for {set j 0} {$j < 500000} {incr j 2} {
                $rd del $j
            }
            for {set j 0} {$j < 500000} {incr j 2} {
                $rd read ; # Discard replies
            }
            assert_equal [r dbsize] 250010

            # start defrag
            after 120 ;# serverCron only updates the info once in 100ms
            set frag [s allocator_frag_ratio]
            if {$::verbose} {
                puts "frag $frag"
            }
            assert {$frag >= $expected_frag}
            r config set latency-monitor-threshold 5
            r latency reset

            set digest [r debug digest]
            catch {r config set activedefrag yes} e
            if {![string match {DISABLED*} $e]} {
                # wait for the active defrag to start working (decision once a second)
                wait_for_condition 50 100 {
                    [s active_defrag_running] ne 0
                } else {
                    fail "defrag not started."
                }

                # wait for the active defrag to stop working
                wait_for_condition 500 100 {
                    [s active_defrag_running] eq 0
                } else {
                    after 120 ;# serverCron only updates the info once in 100ms
                    puts [r info memory]
                    puts [r memory malloc-stats]
                    fail "defrag didn't stop."
                }

                # test the the fragmentation is lower
                after 120 ;# serverCron only updates the info once in 100ms
                set frag [s allocator_frag_ratio]
                set max_latency 0
                foreach event [r latency latest] {
                    lassign $event eventname time latency max
                    if {$eventname == "active-defrag-cycle"} {
                        set max_latency $max
                    }
                }
                if {$::verbose} {
                    puts "frag $frag"
                    puts "max latency $max_latency"
                    puts [r latency latest]
                    puts [r latency history active-defrag-cycle]
                }
                assert {$frag < 1.1}
                # due to high fragmentation, 100hz, and active-defrag-cycle-max set to 75,
                # we expect max latency to be not much higher than 7.5ms but due to rare slowness threshold is set higher
                assert {$max_latency <= 30}
            }
            # verify the data isn't corrupted or changed
            set newdigest [r debug digest]
            assert {$digest eq $newdigest}
            r save ;# saving an rdb iterates over all the data / pointers
        } {OK}

        test "Active defrag big list" {
            r flushdb
            r config resetstat
            r config set save "" ;# prevent bgsave from interfereing with save below
            r config set hz 100
            r config set activedefrag no
            r config set active-defrag-max-scan-fields 1000
            r config set active-defrag-threshold-lower 5
            r config set active-defrag-cycle-min 65
            r config set active-defrag-cycle-max 75
            r config set active-defrag-ignore-bytes 2mb
            r config set maxmemory 0
            r config set list-max-ziplist-size 5 ;# list of 500k items will have 100k quicklist nodes

            # create big keys with 10k items
            set rd [redis_deferring_client]

            set expected_frag 1.7
            # add a mass of list nodes to two lists (allocations are interlaced)
            set val [string repeat A 100] ;# 5 items of 100 bytes puts us in the 640 bytes bin, which has 32 regs, so high potential for fragmentation
            for {set j 0} {$j < 500000} {incr j} {
                $rd lpush biglist1 $val
                $rd lpush biglist2 $val
            }
            for {set j 0} {$j < 500000} {incr j} {
                $rd read ; # Discard replies
                $rd read ; # Discard replies
            }

            # create some fragmentation
            r del biglist2

            # start defrag
            after 120 ;# serverCron only updates the info once in 100ms
            set frag [s allocator_frag_ratio]
            if {$::verbose} {
                puts "frag $frag"
            }

            assert {$frag >= $expected_frag}
            r config set latency-monitor-threshold 5
            r latency reset

            set digest [r debug digest]
            catch {r config set activedefrag yes} e
            if {![string match {DISABLED*} $e]} {
                # wait for the active defrag to start working (decision once a second)
                wait_for_condition 50 100 {
                    [s active_defrag_running] ne 0
                } else {
                    fail "defrag not started."
                }

                # wait for the active defrag to stop working
                wait_for_condition 500 100 {
                    [s active_defrag_running] eq 0
                } else {
                    after 120 ;# serverCron only updates the info once in 100ms
                    puts [r info memory]
                    puts [r info stats]
                    puts [r memory malloc-stats]
                    fail "defrag didn't stop."
                }

                # test the the fragmentation is lower
                after 120 ;# serverCron only updates the info once in 100ms
                set frag [s allocator_frag_ratio]
                set max_latency 0
                foreach event [r latency latest] {
                    lassign $event eventname time latency max
                    if {$eventname == "active-defrag-cycle"} {
                        set max_latency $max
                    }
                }
                if {$::verbose} {
                    puts "frag $frag"
                    puts "max latency $max_latency"
                    puts [r latency latest]
                    puts [r latency history active-defrag-cycle]
                }
                assert {$frag < 1.1}
                # due to high fragmentation, 100hz, and active-defrag-cycle-max set to 75,
                # we expect max latency to be not much higher than 7.5ms but due to rare slowness threshold is set higher
                assert {$max_latency <= 30}
            }
            # verify the data isn't corrupted or changed
            set newdigest [r debug digest]
            assert {$digest eq $newdigest}
            r save ;# saving an rdb iterates over all the data / pointers
            r del biglist1 ;# coverage for quicklistBookmarksClear
        } {1}
    }
}